Pothwar plateau includes Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Chakwal, Jhelum and Attock districts, consisting of an area of 1.01 million ha. Altitude varies from 300 to 1300 m. The soil of the area have developed from wind and water-transported material consisting of loess, old alluvial deposits, mountain outwash and recent stream valley deposits; some are derived from shales and sandstones. The climate is temperate in the northeast to sub-tropical semi-arid in the southwest. Annual rainfall varies from 250 mm in the southern part of Salt Range to over 1500 mm at Islamabad. Temperature extremes are 45˚C in June and often drop below freezing point during January
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| Trees | Shrubs | |
| Phulai (Acacia modesta) Dhak (Butea frondosa) Kao (Olea ferruginea) Lahura (Tecoma undulata) Mallah (Zizyphus nummularia) |
Garanda (Carrisa spinarum)
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| Grass | ||
| Dhaman (Cenchrus ciliaris) khabbal (Cynodon dactylon) khar (Chrysopogon aucheri) Chhimber (Eleusine flagellifera) Pharion (Digitaria bicornis) Lumb (Aristida depressa) |